本用語集・例文集について
「実務で使える」ことに焦点を当てた、英文契約書の専門用語と標準的な条文例(例文)に特化した用語集です。単語の訳だけでなく、実際の契約書でどのように使用されるか、その法的意味合いを深く理解できるよう構成されています。特に、主要な契約条項から厳選した「生きた例文」とその詳細な解説は、契約書の起案や審査の現場でそのまま活用いただける内容を目指しています。
凡例:各用語記事の構成と使い方
- 訳:日本語の最も適切な翻訳。
- 意味合い:その用語が契約上どのような法的効果やリスクを持つか。特に、間違いやすい類似用語がある場合には、実務上のニュアンスや使い分けについても詳しく比較・解説しています。
- 用法:どの条項(例:解除条項)で使われるか。条項の機能と用法の整合性を明確に説明。
- 例文(英文・和文): 実際の契約書(MSA、ライセンス契約、秘密保持契約等)から抜粋した、実務上極めて標準的かつ重要な条文例。(対象語句を強調表示)
- 注記:例文中の重要表現や文法構造、実務上の留意点についての詳細な一言解説。
【用語集・例文集の主な特徴】
- 実務に即した比較解説: Best Efforts と Reasonable Efforts の違いなど、ドラフティングや交渉の現場で判断が分かれる表現の差異を浮き彫りにしています。
- 重層的な例文提示:一つの用語に異なる意味や用法がある場合、複数の例文を提示し、誤解を防いでいます。
- 深掘り解説: 記事は、日本の実務家の関心が高い用語を中心に、実務的背景を踏まえた充実した解説を提供しています。
カテゴリー分類について
各用語は、英文契約書において登場する主な条項の種類(カテゴリー)別に分類されています。単なるアルファベット順の羅列ではなく、契約実務における「機能」で分類することで、関連する用語の体系的な理解を助けます。
⚠️ 著作権・無断転載禁止について
本用語集のコンテンツ(訳、意味合い、用法、例文、注記を含む全て)は、著作権法により保護されています。いかなる目的であっても、許可なくコピーして他サイトに掲載・転載する行為は固くご遠慮ください。
| カテゴリー | 意味合い |
|---|---|
| 契約の基本事項 | 契約の成立、変更、有効性など、契約の根幹に関わるルール。 |
| 費用・決済 | 料金、支払い、費用負担、遅延利息など、金銭のやり取りに関する用語。 |
| 役割・責任 | 各当事者が負う義務、権利行使の範囲、権限、および制限(譲渡禁止など)。 |
| リスク・表明保証 | 潜在的な法的リスクの有無に関する事実表明や保証、法令遵守に関する用語。 |
| 紛争解決 | 紛争発生時の交渉、仲裁、管轄裁判所など、解決手段に関する用語。 |
| 参照・指示 | 別紙、定義、数量、および特定の要素を指し示し、その範囲を限定・網羅する用語。 |
- have a reasonable need to know
- have access to
- have caused this Agreement to be executed
- have made
- have manufactured
- have processed
- guaranty
- guidance
- handling
- Hardship Clause
- hardship
- harm
- grant to
- gross negligence
- gross sales amount
- Gross-up Clause
- guarantee
- guarantor
- governmental authorization
- grace period
- grant
- grant license
- Grant of License Clause
- grant sublicenses
- govern
- Governing Law Clause
- Government Approval Clause
- government official
- government rule
- governmental authority
- good and marketable title
- good faith
- good faith negotiations
- goods
- goods and services
- goodwill
- generally accepted accounting principles
- giro account
- give notice of
- give notice to
- give rise to
- give someone advance notice
- further
- further assurance
- furthermore
- GDPR
- General Provisions
- General Terms and Conditions
- fulfill one’s purpose
- full and complete access to
- full and complete understanding
- full extent of
- fully-paid
- furnish the services
- free and clear of
- free from
- freight
- from time to time
- frustration of purpose
- fulfill one’s obligations
- forfeit the right to (do)
- forthwith
- Forum Shopping
- forwarding agent
- franchise
- fraud
- force majeure event
- foregoing
- foregoing provisions
- Foreground IP
- foreseeable
- forfeit
- for the purposes of this definition
- for the sole benefit of
- for the sole purpose of
- for whatever reason
- for whatsoever reason
- Force Majeure Clause
- for statistical purposes
- for successive one (1) year
- for the avoidance of doubt
- for the benefit of
- for the purpose of
- for the purposes of this Agreement
- for any reason
- for any reason attributable to
- for clarity
- for convenience only
- for its intended purpose
- for reference purposes only
- flow-down clause
- FOB
- following
- for a period of up to ~ days
- for a period of ~ years
- for a term of ~ years
- findings
- first right to purchase
- first trial
- First-dollar
- fitness for a particular purpose
- fixed-term employees
- file a complaint with
- filing
- final and binding arbitration
- finally
- financial condition
- Financing Agreement
- FCPA
- fee
- Fee Adjustment Clause
- fee schedule
- feedback
- fees and expenses
- failure to meet
- failure to perform
- failure to perform the obligations
- fair market value
- fall on
- fall within
- failure of performance
- failure or delay
- failure to
- failure to act
- failure to comply with the obligations
- failure to fulfill the obligations
- extortionist
- extracts
- facilitation payment
- facsimile
- fail to
- failure
- expire
- explicitly
- exploit
- explore the possibility of
- export laws
- express mail courier
- exercise one’s rights
- exhibit
- existence
- Exit Strategy
- expedite
- Expense Reimbursement Clause
- exemplary damages
- exempt~from~
- Exemption Clause
- exercise
- exercise due care
- exercise effective control over
- Excusable Delay Clause
- execute and deliver
- execution
- execution and delivery
- Execution Clause
- execution version
- exclusive jurisdiction
- exclusive license
- exclusive ownership
- exclusive remedy
- exclusive right
- Exclusivity Clause
- Exclusion of Liability Clause
- Exclusions
- exclusive
- Exclusive Agent
- Exclusive Clause
- exclusive distributor
- except as provided in
- except as specifically set forth in
- except in the case of
- except that
- except to the extent that
- Exclusion Clause
- except as otherwise expressly provided for
- except as otherwise provided herein
- except as otherwise provided in
- except as otherwise specifically provided in
- except as otherwise stated in
- except as provided by law
- examine
- exceeding
- except as expressly provided in
- except as expressly set forth in
- except as may be required by law
- except as otherwise expressly agreed
- establish
- estimate
- estop
- Estoppel
- Event of Default Clause
- event, circumstance or cause
- equity
- equity holder
- escalation
- escalation clause
- escrow agreement
- essentially
- environmental protection clause
- epidemic
- equitable
- equitable grounds
- equitable relief
- equitable remedy
- ensure
- enter
- enter into the agreement
- entire agreement clause
- entitle to
- entity
- enforceable
- enforcement
- engage
- engage in
- enhancement
- enjoy
- encumbrance
- end user
- endeavor to
- End-Use Certificate
- enforce
- enforceability
- employee
- employment
- Employment Agreement
- employment relationship
- encourage
- encumber
- Electronic Contract
- electronic mail
- electronic signature
- electronic transmission
- embody
- Emolument Clause
- Effective Date Clause
- effective immediately
- effectively
- either express or implied
- either party
- elect to
- duress
- during the life of this Agreement
- duty
- duty of confidentiality
- Duty of Loyalty
- dwelling unit
- due diligence
- due to
- duly authorized representatives
- duly executed
- duly signed
- duration
- document
- documentary evidence
- documentation
- due
- due and payable
- due date
- dissolution
- distribute
- Distribution Agreement
- distributor
- divided evenly between
- dividend
- dispose of
- dispute
- disregard
- Dispute Resolution
- disseminate
- dissemination
- discussion
- dismiss
- dismiss with prejudice
- disparage
- dispatch
- disposal of waste
- disclosure
- Disclosure Clause
- Disclosure Letter
- Disclosure Schedule
- discrepancy
- Discretion Clause
- disagreement
- disbursement
- disclaim
- disclose
- discloser
- disclosing party
- digital signature
- diligent effort
- diminish
- direct damages
- directly or indirectly
- director
- determine
- develop
- develop independently
- Developed IP
- developer
- difference
- deriving from
- describe
- design
- designated
- destroy
- destruction
- demand
- demonstrate
- deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier
- depreciation
- derivative work
- derived from
- deliver by hand
- Deliverables
- delivery
- Delivery Clause
- delivery destination
- delivery terms
- delay or failure in performance
- delegate
- delegation
- delinquent in payment
- deliver
- deliver personally
- defaulting party
- defect
- defend, indemnify and hold harmless
- defense
- Definition Clause
- Delay Clause
- deem
- deface
- default
- Default Clause
- default in the performance of obligation
- Default Rule
- debtor
- decree
- deduct
- Deductible
- deduction
- deed
- damages
- Damages Clause
- Data Usage Clause
- date hereof
- date of postmark
- deal with
- customary
- customization
- customs duty
- cut-off date
- daily allowance
- damage
- cure a breach
- Cure Clause
- cure period
- current
- current month
- custody
- credit
- credited against
- creditor
- Cross Default
- Cumulative Remedies
- cure
- covenant
- covenant with
- Covenants Clause
- coverage
- create
- create obligations
- counterpart
- counterparty
- Course of Dealing
- court costs
- court of competent jurisdiction
- court order
- Cost and Expense Clause
- Cost Bearing Clause
- costs and expenses
- costs or expenses
- could not reasonably be expected to
- counterclaim
- copyright
- Copyright and Ownership Clause
- corporate racketeer
- corporation established and existing under the laws of
- correct
- correction
- Control Clause
- controlling
- controversy
- convey
- Cooperation Clause
- copy
- contractor
- contractual obligation
- contractual relationship
- contrary to public policy
- contravention
- control
- continue in force
- continue in full force
- continue in full force and effect
- contract
- contract price
- contracting party
- continental U.S.
- contingency
- contingency plan
- contingent liability
- contingent upon
- continue in effect
- consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement
- contained herein
- contained in this Agreement
- contemplated by this Agreement
- contemporaneous agreements
- contest
- consistently
- consolidation
- constitute
- construction
- constructive notice
- Consulting Service Agreement
- consent not unreasonably withheld or delayed
- consent to
- consequential damages
- consequential loss
- consideration
- consistent with
- conflict of interest
- conflict of laws
- conflict with
- conform to
- Consent Clause
- consent not unreasonably withheld
- Confidentiality Clause
- confidentiality obligation
- confirm and represent
- confirmed electronic mail
- confirmed facsimile
- conflict
- conditions beyond one’s control
- Conditions Clause
- conduct
- confer
- confidential information
- confidentiality
- compromise
- concept
- concerning
- conclusive evidence
- condition precedent
- conditions
- complaint
- complete and accurate
- completeness
- compliance with
- Compliance with Law Clause
- comply with
- cessation
- compete with
- competent authority
- competent jurisdiction
- competing product
- competitive with
- certified mail
- certified mail, return receipt requested
- certified public accountant
- certified translation
- certify
- certain
- cause harm to
- caused or alleged to be caused
- caveat emptor
- cease
- cease to
- certificate of destruction
- carry out the service
- Carve-out
- cash compensation
- causation
- cause ~ to do
- cause damage to
- cancel
- capacity
- Capital Structure Clause
- capitalized terms
- carrier
- carry out the business purpose
- bribery
- Bring-down Clause
- but for test
- calendar day
- calendar quarter
- call option
- breach
- breach of contract
- breach of obligation
- breach of warranty
- breach or threatened breach
- breaching party
- bonus pay
- book of account
- books and records
- borrower
- both dates exclusive
- both dates inclusive
- binding and enforceable
- Binding Effect Clause
- board of directors
- Boilerplate Clause
- bona fide
- Bond Indenture
- beyond the reasonable control of
- bill of exchange
- bill of lading
- billing address
- bind
- binding
- become insolvent
- belong exclusively to
- Beneficiary
- benefit
- Best Efforts clause
- best estimate
- bear the signatures of
- bearer
- become aware of
- become bankrupt or insolvent
- become due
- become effective
- be subjected to
- be willing to
- bear
- bear interest
- bear the cost of
- bear the risk of
- be renewed
- be required to
- be responsible for
- be solely responsible for
- be subject to
- be subject to the jurisdiction of
- be not obligated to
- be obliged to
- be of no effect
- be packaged with
- be reasonably likely to
- be rendered impossible
- be intended to be
- be intended to be solely for
- be interpreted and enforced according to
- be liable for
- be liable to (do)
- be likely to
- be governed by
- be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of
- be granted or implied
- be held liable
- be held to be
- be intended for
- be deemed to be
- be eligible for
- be embedded in
- be entitled to
- be excused
- be found to
- be construed and interpreted
- be construed in accordance with
- be consummated as soon as practicable
- be deemed as
- be deemed invalid
- be deemed to (do)
- be automatically renewed
- be borne by
- be bound by
- be bound to
- be construed
- be construed and enforced in accordance with
- bankruptcy
- bare promise
- Basket Amount
- Basket Provision
- be addressed to
- be assigned to
- Automatic Acceleration
- automatically renewable
- availability of
- available
- Background IP (Background Intellectual Property)
- balance
- Audit Rights Clause
- authority
- Authority Clause
- authorization
- authorize
- authorized and empowered
- attestation
- Attestation Clause
- Attorney-in-fact
- attorney’s fees
- attractive nuisance
- audit
- at the risk of
- at the time of
- at the time of delivery
- at the time of receipt
- attachment
- attempt to
- at law or in equity
- at one’s discretion
- at one’s option
- at one’s own discretion
- at one’s own risk
- at the rate of
- at all reasonable times
- at all times
- at any time
- at any time for any reason
- at its own cost
- at its own expense
- assist
- associated with
- assume
- assumption
- assumption of risk
- assurance
- assure
- assignee
- assigning party
- assignment
- Assignment by Operation of Law
- Assignment Clause
- assignor
- assert
- assessment
- asset
- Asset Purchase Agreement
- assign
- assign and transfer
- as provided by law
- as reasonably required
- as set forth herein
- as soon as reasonably practicable
- as the case may be
- as to
- as it relates to
- as long as
- as may be necessary
- as may be required
- as of date
- as one’s sole obligation
- as directed by
- as is
- as is evidenced by
- as is necessary
- as is, where is
- as is, with all faults
- as a matter of convenience
- as against
- as and when
- as applicable
- as between the parties
- as defined below
- arising out of or related to
- arising out of or relating to
- arm’s length
- Arm’s Length Principle
- article
- Articles of Incorporation
- arbitrator
- arise
- arising from
- arising hereunder
- arising out of
- arising out of or in connection with
- approval not unreasonably withheld
- Arbitration
- Arbitration Agreement
- Arbitration award
- Arbitration Clause
- arbitration proceeding
- applicable to
- apply mutatis mutandis to
- apply to
- appraisal
- approval
- Approval Clause
- appendix
- Applicability Clause
- Applicable Law Clause
- applicable laws
- applicable laws and regulations
- applicable month
- anti-bribery
- anti-corruption
- any
- any and all
- any of
- any or all
- annex
- anniversary
- annuities
- Anti Social Forces
- Anti Social Forces Clause
- Anti-Assignment Clause
- amicable understanding
- amount due
- amount owing to
- amounts owed
- and the like
- and/or
- alter
- alteration
- amend, alter, change or modify
- Amended Agreement
- Amendment and Alteration Clause
- AAA (American Arbitration Association)
- all or substantially all of
- allegation
- allege
- alleged breach
- allocate
- allocation
- agreements and arrangements
- all available evidence
- all of which
- all of which together
- all or a portion of
- all or part of
- agreement
- agreed upon
- agreed terms
- aggrieved party
- aggregate liability
- aggregate data
- Agent
- Agency Agreement
- aforementioned provisions
- aforementioned
- affiliated company
- affiliate
- affidavit
- adviser
- advisable
- advertising materials
- adverse to
- adverse effect
- advance written notice
- advance notice
- adhesion contract
- admission of liability
- administrative expenses
- administration support
- administer
- adjudicate
- adhere to
- adherence
- address
- additionally
- actual and direct losses
- acts of God
- actively and knowingly
- action
- act or omission
- act or failure to act
- acquisition
- acquire
- acknowledgment
- acknowledge and agree
- acknowledge
- accuracy
- accrued interest
- accrue interest
- accrue
- accounting firm
- accountant
- accountable
- accordingly
- accessory
- access to
- acceptance criteria
- Acceptance Clause
- acceptance
- accept responsibility for
- Acceleration Clause
- absolute discretion
- abide by
- ab initio
- compensation for
- Compensation Clause
- compensate~for~
- compel
- Comparable Uncontrolled Transaction
- communication
- common law
- commit a material breach
- commission
- commercially reasonable efforts
- commercial sales
- commercial information
- Commercial Arbitration Rules
- commencement
- commence to be wound up
- commence on
- commence
- come into force
- collectively referred to as
- collectively
- collateral
- closing date
- Closing Clause
- closing
- client
- clear evidence
- clause
- claimant
- claim to be
- claim or demand
- claim is justified
- claim for damages
- claim damages
- claim
- civil disobedience
- change of control
- civil commotion
- circumstances
- CISG
- Choice of Law clause
- charge~for~
- charge
- burden of proof/burden of proving that
- by-product
- bylaws of the company
- by written notice
- business interruption
- business hours
- business day
- business advantage
- by air
- buyer
- business reputation
- business purpose
- business interruption
- business hours
- by virtue of this agreement
- by virtue of
- by wire transfer
- by reason of
- by mutual agreement
- binding upon